Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industries: Finite Element and CFD Simulation for Offshore Structures Wind and Wave Loading, Hydrodynamics, Drilling, Gas Dispersion, Environmental Pollution Dispersion and Blast Prevention

FEA & CFD Based Simulation Design Analysis Virtual prototyping MultiObjective Optimization

With combination of deep knowledge and experience in FEA and CFD and sophisticated simulation tools, Enteknograte engineers can solve any problem with any level of complexity in Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industries such as Offshore Structures Wind and Wave Loading, Hydrodynamics, Gas Dispersion, Environmental Pollution Dispersion and Blast Prevention.

Component	Question	FEA and CFD Simulation
Drilling Drill head design Drilling fluids Horizontal wells	Reliable cutting operations in harsh environments Rapid product development cycle Efficiency of cuttings removal is critical to maximize rate of penetration (ROP) Nozzle design plays a major role in cuttings removal Measurements and model visualizations are difficult and expensive	Analysis of drill bit and inner row interaction effectiveness Detailed information for the flow field and shear rate characteristics, indicating effective drilling mud removal Optimization Cone cleaning, bottom hole cleaning Cuttings evacuation Erosion prediction Understanding of cutting stresses Ability to design for torque related mechanical stresses
Cementing/Mudflow in Casings	Complex flow of non-Newtonian fluid in eccentric gaps Applications are common in directional drilling, cement jobs, and wellbore completion Cutting accumulations in narrow gaps Inconsistent cementing in casing	Detailed mapping of fluid including cutting, drilling fluid through the gap Understanding the effect eccentricity and fluid viscosity Evaluation of flow through casing for completion, cement job Study of bore holing
Offshore Structures Wind and Wave Loading	Structural safety for different wave and wind loading Effect of wind direction and the associated forces Fire and gas dispersion	Detailed mapping of wind loads on all elements of the structure Ability to study the effect of underwater waves Fluid-induced motion (FIM) studies Studies which can account for extreme loads due to storms, including the effect of wind headings Enhanced understanding of the forces and flow details around helicopter decks Visual illustrations of recirculation and low flow areas for smoke and pollutant dispersion concerns
Offshore Structures and Hydrodynamics	Multi-body hydrodynamics Wind/wave forces on offshore structures Global performance Moorings and DP systems Load transfer for structural analysis Fatigue and extreme condition design	Structural integrity of floating/fixed platforms Multi-body linear and non-linear hydrodynamics and motion 3D diffraction/radiation analysis Frequency domain analysis Non-linear time-history simulation Analysis of coupled-line dynamics Code compliance Launch and jack-ups

Enteknograte engineering team use advanced CAE software with special features for mixing the best of both FEA tools and CFD solvers: CFD codes such as Ansys Fluent, Siemens StarCCM+, OpenFOAM and FEA Codes such as ANSYS, ABAQUS, Nastran, LS-Dyna, MSC Marc.

Gas Dispersion	Design for safety of operation and crew in case of fire and chemicals leak Account for effect of wind direction, species dispersion Entrainment of exhaust fumes from vessels and flares	Evaluate different configurations under various wind direction Predict best locations for crew quarters and evacuation strategies Placement of heli-deck Design and placement of flares
Environmental Pollution Dispersion	Understand and eliminate the sources of accidental release of chemicals and pollutants Predict dispersion behavior of pollutants and their downstream movement under various operating conditions and wind effects Design equipment to the right specifications for different operations and for a broad range of applications	Simulate pollutant dispersion and what-if conditions for Pool fires Accidental release Cloud dispersion Evaluate different configuration under various wind directions Design equipment to standard specification for pressure and operational requirements Evaluate the structure and performance of stacks/chimneys
Blast Prevention	Transport of combustible products and cargo Study accident scenarios Design integrity for offshore vessels and platform for both structural and safety concerns	Perform dynamic system response to accident scenarios Evaluate structural designs and reinforcement options for sustaining blast forces Understand the possible root cause of accidents Evaluate the extent of damage for blast impact scenarios
LNG Plant Site Selection Operation and Design	Demand for natural gas has been growing over the last decades Supply points are often far removed from demand centers Impractical to transport in gaseous form Large refrigeration plants built to liquefy the gas prior to shipping Storage tanks and regasification plants built at end use locations Provide efficient air cooling Plant and site selection Plant layout to optimize air intake temperature and velocity	The analysis and design is applicable to complex process plant used to produce LNG Engineering simulation software can optimize the required intake temperature margins on air cooled equipment Technique adds significant understanding to flow patterns and entrainment zones specifically Effect of wind direction on entrainment of warmer air is estimated and can be incorporated into design modification

Design procedures for blast, explosion and fire analysis of offshore structures

Explosions, fires and other accidents are major risks in the offshore industry. Extreme loads arising for structural from accidents create a challenge engineers in the design of safe and weight-efficient structures. The use of design procedures based on state-of-the-art computational technology allows for weight-optimised structural designs that meet defined safety requirements. The finite element method (FEM) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) as a computational tools has been extensively used in the offshore industry. It has been applied both for global and local simulation to study the behavior of the offshore structures.

The following aspects are normally considered in order to achieve an optimum design for blast-resistant walls and partitions:

Definition of design explosion and fire loads
Establishment of the behavior of materials to be used for the design for high rate loads
Determination of the behavior and strength of walls by means of non-linear FE modelling

FE modelling for offshore structures resistant to explosions and fires

Design procedures for creating offshore structures resistant to explosions and fires are normally based on the selection of design principles such as deterministic, probabilistic and risk-based design.

Methods used in designing structures that are resistant to explosions and fires include simplified methods and non-linear FE modelling and analysis. FE models involve accurate description of modelling techniques including modelling of structures, materials, and fire and explosion loads.

Safety doors must be built to meet OSHA, MSHA, NFPA Standards, FM Global Standards, European ATEX Directives and other many other standards when needed. Our advanced finite element simulation-based design for blast, explosion and fire will help you to satisfy all aspect of regulations in design step.