Finite Element Simulation of Dam: Seismic Design, Thermal Analysis, Fluid Structure Interaction for Hydrodynamics Effects Assessment
FEA & CFD Based Simulation Design Analysis Virtual prototyping MultiObjective Optimization
Analysis of Dams is one of the specialties that need extensive experience of using material models and analysis capabilities that must be include phased (staged) construction, soil-structure and fluid-structure interaction, user supplied material models, large range of interface models, large displacement and large strain analyses, material non-linearity, time and ambient dependency effects, and nonlinear dynamic analysis.
Constitutive Material models used for Soil-Rock-Dam FEA Simulation
- Mohr-Coulomb and Drucker-Prager
- Tresca and Von Mises
- Modified Mohr-Coulomb (double-hardening)
- Hoek-Brown and Jointed-rock
- Modified Cam-Clay
- Jardine (London Clay)
- Nonlinear elasticity (Duncan-Chang)
- Smeared crack models with fixed and rotating cracks
- Material aging
- Liquefaction
- Mohr-Coulomb and Drucker-Prager
- Viscoelasticity
- Shrinkage
- Linear elastic and plastic reinforcements
- User-supplied materials
Finite Element Simulation of Seismic Behavior of Dam including Soil-Rock-Dam Interaction
Enteknograte engineers participate in method development, advanced simulation work, software training and support. Over experiences in engineering consulting and design development enables Enteknograte’s engineering team to display strong/enormous client focus and engineering experience.
Finite Element Simulation of Soil-Rock-Dam Interaction
Dynamic Analysis of Dams Include:
- Direct frequency analysis, modal response analysis, and spectral response analysis, with fluid-structure interaction
- Linear and nonlinear time domain analysis with a wide choice of time integration schemes
- Hybrid frequency-time domain analysis, with possibility to include compressibility of the fluid and bottom absorption
- Multi-directional acceleration loads
- Viscous, structural and continuous damping
- Specified or calculated initial conditions
- Fully coupled consolidation
- Saturated and partially saturated soils
- Steady-state and transient ground-water flow
- Drained/undrained soil
- Phased analysis
- Nonlinear analysis
- Coupled thermo-stress analysis
- Young hardening concrete behavior also with cooling
- Time, temperature and maturity dependency
- Discrete and smeared crack analysis
Enteknograte offers a Virtual Engineering approach with CFD and FEA tools such as MSC Cradle, Ansys Fluent, StarCCM+ for flows simulation and FEA based Codes such as ABAQUS, Ansys, Nastran and LS-Dyna, encompassing the accurate prediction of in-service loads, the performance evaluation, and the integrity assessment including the influence of manufacturing the components. Dependent of problem, we use ESI VA-one and MSC Actran as acoustics solver
Most common types of dams:
Gravity Dams: These dams rely on their own weight to resist the horizontal forces exerted by the water. Gravity dams are usually constructed using concrete or masonry and are commonly used for large-scale projects. The Grand Coulee Dam in Washington is an example of a gravity dam.
Arch Dams: Arch dams are curved structures that transfer the water’s force to the abutments or sides of a valley. They are constructed using materials like concrete and are particularly suitable for narrow canyons or gorges. The Hoover Dam is an example of a combined gravity and arch dam on the border between the U.S. states of Nevada and Arizona.
Embankment Dams: Also known as earthfill dams, these dams are constructed using compacted earth, rock, or other locally available materials. They are built in places where there is an abundant supply of suitable fill material. The Aswan High Dam in Egypt is an example of an embankment dam.
Concrete-Faced Rockfill Dams (CFRD): CFRD dams combine the principles of both concrete and embankment dams. They consist of a rockfill core with a concrete face or slab on the upstream side to prevent water leakage. This type of dam is often used when suitable foundation rock is available, and the concrete facing provides a watertight barrier. The Jiangpinghe Dam in Chine is an example of a concrete-faced rockfill dam.
Buttress Dams: Buttress dams consist of a series of triangular-shaped buttresses or supports on the downstream side, which transmit the water’s force to the foundation. The space between the buttresses is usually filled with compacted material. The Daniel-Johnson Dam in Canada is an example of a multiple-arch buttress dam.
Arch-Gravity Dams: These dams combine the characteristics of arch dams and gravity dams. They have a curved upstream face like an arch dam but also rely on their weight to resist the water pressure, like a gravity dam. The Inguri Dam in Georgia is an example of an arch-gravity dam.
Rockfill Dams: Rockfill dams are built using compacted layers of rockfill or a combination of rockfill and soil. They are suitable for locations where the foundation is sound but lacks impermeability. The El Atazar Dam in Spain is an example of a rockfill dam.
Types of Earthquake Analysis
- Linear transient analysis with different time integration schemes
- Direct frequency response analysis
- Modal response analysis & Spectral response analysis
- Nonlinear transient analysis with different time integration schemes
- Hybrid frequency-time domain analysis
- Pushover load & Pushover analysis
New structures in earthquake sensitive areas are designed to sustain earthquakes without danger of damage or collapse. But if the condition of the structure has been unidentifiably changed, eg. by damage to the structure, deterioration of materials or altered loading, then the effect on earth- quake resistance may be significantly altered.
Finite element analysis of structures for seismic design and earthquake engineering include:
- Discrete and Smeared crack models with fixed and rotating cracks
- Nonlinear dynamic soil-structure interaction analysis of dock walls and associated structures to demonstrate safety under extreme seismic loading
- Large scale 3D analysis of reinforced concrete water retaining structures under seismic loading. Full lift-off, sliding and SSI effects considered
- Seismic design checking to Eurocode
- Seismic design check of a viscous damped road bridge
- Seismic analysis of a compacted mass concrete dam
- Seismic response analysis of a major bridge crossing
- Dynamic assessment for a cooling tower
- Geomechanics of Oil & Gas Reservoirs
- Stability Analysis of Mines
- Monopile Foundations for Offshore Wind
- Assessment of viaduct structures on a major high speed railway
- High speed train resonance study for a span masonry arch structure
- Dynamic stability analysis of a slender plate girder bridge
- Dynamic response analysis of a long span steel bridge
- Slab and wall Seismic analysis for an underground swimming pool
- Dynamic SSI analysis of foundations
- LNG concrete containment tank Seismic analyses
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Finite element analysis for Earthquake engineering and Seismic Design: Structural, Soil and Rocks dynamics
For many non-standard structures, a proper earthquake design requires a dynamic finite element analysis. For simple assessment, a linear analysis in frequency domain may be sufficient. However, for other applications, the full nonlinear characteristics of possible failure mechanisms and interaction of the structure with ground and environment need to be considered in a nonlinear time stepping analysis. Enteknograte offers solutions for both simple linear dynamic analysis, which can be applied for the design of structures, and also full nonlinear dynamic analysis taking into account the loading history of the structure.
Read more... Finite element simulation of Tunnel
Ground movement is an inevitable risk to nearby structures which must be carefully assessed, both at the planning stage and as the project unfolds. This, in addition to the potential negative effect on the safety of construction and the project cost, means that the ability to make these predictions accurately is key. Surface settlement caused by shallow tunnel construction in Greenfield sites can be predicted with some confidence. Surface settlement in urban areas, however, presents a much more complex interaction between the tunnel and its shafts, the ground and the building.
Read more... FEA and CFD Based Bridge Simulation
Wind-Induced Vibrations, Aerodynamics, Soil-Structure & Soil-Pile Interaction, Seismic Assessment, Damping System, Fatigue and Fracture
When bridges are subjected to external conditions such as seismic forces and foundation scour, the stress-strain relationship of the bridge materials is altered, which directly impacts the safety and performance of the structure. In order to ensure the safety of the bridge, we should consider nonlinear effects such as Wind-Induced Vibrations, Soil-Structure Interaction, Soil-Pile Interaction, damping System, Fatigue and Fracture mechanics of concrete and metals in design step and using composite materials to the reinforcement of bridge structures. Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and CFD is a very powerful tool to capture all physics that affects bridge behavior in real-world performance.
Read more... Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI)
Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) calculations allow the mutual interaction between a flowing fluid and adjacent bodies to be calculated.
The body forces generated by fluids flowing are highly sensitive to the shape and curvature of adjacent surfaces. By coupling a CFD solver and the FEA solver, the deformation of a body resulting from the fluid loads and the subsequent modification of the flow field due to the newly deformed geometry can be computed iteratively. This technique allows aeroelastic instabilities such as flutter, to be detected and avoided early in the design cycle. Similarly, where structures are subjected to cyclic fatigue loading, such as rotor-stator interaction in compressor applications or vortex shedding around civil structures, these load effects can be accurately quantified to allow the fatigue life of the structure to be assessed.
Read more... Finite element analysis of concrete: Discrete cracking, Smeared crack and XFEM for concrete fracture and damage Simulation
In materials science, fracture toughness refers to the ability of a material containing a crack to resist fracture. Specifically, fracture toughness testing characterizes resistance to fracture in a neutral environment with a sharp crack, and is one of the most important properties of any material for virtually all design applications. Finite Element (FEA) Fracture simulation is used in design and fabrication to understand and prevent brittle fracture in concrete structures. It can also be used to determine the useful life of concrete structures under different conditions, including fatigue, corrosion and elevated temperatures.
Read more... Geotechnical Simulation: Finite Element for Soil and Rock Mechanics in Foundations, Embankments, Tunnels, Excavations, Slope Stability, Mines and Dams
Geotechnical applications and the interaction between the ground and structure, often provide engineers with technically demanding challenges that are best solved with special purpose finite element method software. Finite element method provides a wide range of state-of-the art constitutive models for tackling soil and rock materials in applications as diverse as foundations, embankments, tunnels, excavations, slope stability, mines and dams.
Read more... Finite Element Simulation of Dam
Analysis of Dams is one of the specialties that need extensive experience of using material models and analysis capabilities that must be include phased (staged) construction, soil-structure and fluid-structure interaction, user supplied material models, large range of interface models, large displacement and large strain analyses, material non-linearity, time and ambient dependency effects, and nonlinear dynamic analysis.
Read more... Ventilation and Comfort: CFD and FEA Modeling
Occupant thermal comfort and indoor air quality are the primary objectives of HVAC design for buildings and vehicles. Predicting room conditions (air velocity, temperature, relative humidity, thermal radiation, contaminants) which are affected by changes due to heat loss and solar gains through the structure (wall, roof, windows, doors) provides necessary information for design improvement.
Read more... Architectural Acoustic Consulting Services: Environmental Noise, Auralization, Sound and Vibration Isolation per ASTM and ANSI Standards
Enteknograte Corp. has become an industry leader through our wide range of experience in advanced simulation-based design procedures, and our cutting-edge architectural acoustic consulting services. Enteknograte conducts field sound level certifications for architects, engineers, surveyors, developers, flooring contractors, and various governmental agencies, as well compliance testing for new equipment, community noise, and industrial noise per ASTM and ANSI standards.
Read more... Civil Engineering: Seismic Design, Earthquake, Tunnel, Dam, Concrete Structures and Geotechnical Multiphysics Simulation
Enteknograte, offer a wide range of consulting services based on many years of experience using FEA and CFD softwares in Civil Engineering: Earthquake, Tunnel, Dam and Geotechnical. The Company is involved in analyses projects with advanced applications that focus on aspects of computational mechanics. In addition, we carry out research projects that lead to future extensions or enhancements to FEA and CFD package, or result in special software with Matlab and other high-end programming language for Structural and geotechnical simulation.
Read more... Finite Element Analysis of Durability and Fatigue Life
Vibration Fatigue, Creep, Welded Structures Fatigue, Elastomer and Composite Fatigue with Ansys Ncode, Simulia FE-Safe, MSC CAEFatigue, FEMFAT
Durability often dominates development agendas, and empirical evaluation is by its nature time-consuming and costly. Simulation provides a strategic approach to managing risk and cost by enabling design concepts or design changes to be studied before investment in physical evaluation. The industry-leading fatigue Simulation technology such as Simulia FE-SAFE, Ansys Ncode Design Life and FEMFAT used to calculate fatigue life of multiaxial, welds, short-fibre composite, vibration, crack growth, thermo-mechanical fatigue.
Read more... FEA (Finite Element) Welding Simulation: RSW (Resistance Spot Welding), FSW (Friction Stir Welding), Pressure Welding, Arc, Electron and Laser Beam Welding
Enteknograte engineers simulate the Welding with innovative CAE and virtual prototyping available in the non-linear structural codes such as LS-DYNA, Ansys, Comsol, Simufact Welding, ESI SysWeld and ABAQUS. The Finite element analysis of welding include Arc Welding, laser Beam Welding, RSW, FSW and transfer the results of welding simulation for next simulation like NVH, Crash test, Tension, Compression and shear test and fatigue simulation.
Read more... Hydrodynamics CFD simulation, Coupled with FEA for FSI Analysis of Marine and offshore structures
Transient Resistance, Propulsion, Sea-Keeping and Maneuvering Simulation, Cavitation, Vibration and Fatigue
Hydrodynamics is a common application of CFD and a main core of Enteknograte expertise for ship, boat, yacht, marine and offshore structures simulation based design. Coupling Hydrodynamic CFD Simulation in Ansys Fluent, Siemens Star-ccm+ and MSC Cradle with structural finite element solver such as Abaqus and Ansys, enable us to Simulate most complicated industrial problem such as Cavitation, Vibration and Fatigue induced by hydrodynamics fluctuation, Transient Resistance, Propulsion, Sea-Keeping and Maneuvering Simulation, considering two way FSI (Fluid Structure Interaction) coupling technology.
Read more... Integrated Artificial Intelligence (AI) & Machine Learning - Deep Learning with CFD & FEA Simulation
Machine learning is a method of data analysis that automates analytical model building. It is a branch of Artificial Intelligence based on the idea that systems can learn from data, identify patterns and make decisions with minimal human intervention. With Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications in CAE, that is Mechanical Engineering and FEA and CFD Simulations as design tools, our CAE engineers evaluate the possible changes (and limits) coming from Machine learning, whether Deep Learning (DL), or Support vector machine (SVM) or even Genetic algorithms to specify definitive influence in some optimization problems and the solution of complex systems.
Read more... Aerodynamics Simulation: Coupling CFD with MBD, FEA and 1D-System Simulation
Aerodynamics studies can cover the full speed range of low speed, transonic, supersonic and hypersonic flows as well as turbulence and flow control. System properties such as mass flow rates and pressure drops and fluid dynamic forces such as lift, drag and pitching moment can be readily calculated in addition to the wake effects. This data can be used directly for design purposes or as in input to a detailed stress analysis. Aerodynamics CFD simulation with sophisticated tools such as MSC Cradle, Ansys Fluent and Siemens Star-ccm+ allows the steady-state and transient aerodynamics of heating ventilation & air conditioning (HVAC) systems, vehicles, aircraft, structures, wings and rotors to be computed with extremely high levels of accuracy.
Read more... Heat Transfer and Thermal Analysis: Fluid-Structure Interaction with Coupled CFD and Finite Element Based Simulation
We analyze system-level thermal management of vehicle component, including underhood, underbody and brake systems, and design for heat shields, electronics cooling, HVAC, hybrid systems and human thermal comfort. Our Finite Element (LS-Dyna, Ansys, Abaqus) and CFD simulation (Siemens Start-ccm+, Ansys Fluent , Ansys CFX and OpenFoam) for heat transfer analysis, thermal management, and virtual test process can save time and money in the design and development process, while also improving the thermal comfort and overall quality of the final product.
Read more... Acoustics and Vibration: FEA and CFD for AeroAcoustics, VibroAcoustics and NVH Analysis
Noise and vibration analysis is becoming increasingly important in virtually every industry. The need to reduce noise and vibration can arise because of government legislation, new lightweight constructions, use of lower cost materials, fatigue failure or increased competitive pressure. With deep knowledge in FEA, CFD and Acoustic simulation, advanced Acoustic solvers and numerical methods used by Enteknograte engineers to solve acoustics, vibro-acoustics, and aero-acoustics problems in automotive manufacturers and suppliers, aerospace companies, shipbuilding industries and consumer product manufacturers.
Read more... Blast, Explosion & Fire: Blast Resistance with Protection Against Ballistic Attacks
Enteknograte engineers simulate the Blast and Explosion with innovative CAE and virtual prototyping available in the non-linear structural codes MSC Dytran, LS-DYNA, Ansys Autodyn, and ABAQUS. Enteknograte Engineers can simulate any type of Blast and Explosion such as air blast, Underwater explosion (UNDEX) and Fragmentation due to blast to survey structural integrity in High Rate Loading Condition. Enteknograte performs assessment of fire and explosion loads using state-of-the-art CFD software. Enteknograte carries out structural design verification as well as studies of structures subjected to fires and explosions with Complex finite element models.
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